High directivity microstrip antenna with stopband and passband frequency selective surfaces for 6G at low-THz

There is still no high-directivity microstrip antenna with directivity beyond 25 dBi, bandwidth (BW) of more than 24%, which can be used for 6G cellular communication at low-THz at a resonance frequency of 144 GHz. So, duo broadband microstrip antennas have been designed at a resonance frequency of 144 GHz with the Taconic TLY-5 laminate in this work. These designs were carried out with the computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software. The first antenna simulation results were compared within an Ansys high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software, and the obtained simulation results from both software were in fair consent, supporting the proposed designs. The peak directivity, peak gain, total peak efficiency, and BW obtained for the proposed THz microstrip antennas were 27.01 dBi, 25.3 dB, 78.96%, and 34.21 GHz (24.93%), respectively. Therefore, these antennas can be a base for 6G at low-THz

Removal of Dissolved Salts and Toxic Substances from Water Using Desert Desalting Kit

A portable desert desalting kit for converting natural brackish water or waters deliberately contaminated with certain toxic substances into potable water has been developed. The potable water is of acceptable standards laid down by WHO/ICMR.Based on ion exchange resin, the kit consists of desalting bag with filter and eight chemical packets. It requires 15 min to obtain potable water (450 ml from each chemical packet) from brackish water containing dissolved solids upto 7000 mg/l yielding in all 3.6 litres of potable water sufficient for a man to survive for a day

Chemical Stablilisation of Sand : Part VIII Furan Resins as Dune and Coastal Sand Stabiliser

Studies on furan resin as dune sand stabiliser are presented. Influence of acid catalysts, viz. phenol disulphonic acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid and other catalysts, viz. trichlorotoluene and benzoyl chloride along with promoters, zinc chloride and ferric chloride, on the strength of stabilised furan resin-sand specimens has been discussed. Optimisation studies on resin content, catalysts and promoters and curing conditions have revealed that maximum strength of 260 kg/cm/sup 2/ of the standard specimens made by compaction of coastal sand using furan resins (10 per cent), sulphuric acid (9N, 30 per cent) and a curing time of 2 hr at 40 degree Centigrade is higher than the 170 kg/cm/sup 2/ of specimens made of Rajasthan desert sand. Sandy patches stabilised by seepage technique recorded a maximum strength of 125 kg/cm/sup 2/. Physico-chemical characteristics of this system and effect of environment on stabilised specimens have also been studied and field trials conducted successfully. This resin-catalyst system would be extremely useful in humid and saline field (coastal) areas for different military applications

Chemical Stabilisation of Sand : Part VII Natural Resins as Dune Sand Stabiliser

The comparative studies on use of a few natural resins as dune sand stabiliser are discussed. Guar-gum - a product of Rajasthan desert,Terminalia alata tannins and rosin have proved promising for short-termand emergency use in field, where water, aggregates, skilled manpower and road constructing machines are not available.Effect of compaction on strength has also been studied in order to optimise the thickness of stabilised surfaces required for construction of roads and helipads in sandy areas. Effect of temperature and bacteria on stabilised specimens have also been discussed

Effect of sowing dates and varieties for higher productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad during the Rabi season of 2011-12 to access the effect of sowing dates and varieties for higher productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Treatments consisted of four dates of sowing viz. D1 (25th September), D2 (5th October), D3 (15th October) and D4 (25th October) was kept as main plot and five varieties viz.V1 (Rohini), V2 (Maya), V3 (Coral-437), V4 (Kranti) and V5 (PBR-357) was kept as sub plot replicated three under split plot design. Results revealed that all the growth, yield attributes and quality were increased significantly under 25th October sowing. The agronomical parameters like initial plant stand per running meter, plant height (cm), days taken to 50 % flowering, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation (g plant-1) and yield and yield attributes like number of siliquae plant-1, number of seed siliqua-1, length of siliqua (cm) and seed, stover yields (q ha-1) of mustard crop were significantly higher with variety Coral-437. The highest seed yield oil content % was computed under 25th October sowing with Coral-437 variety. 25th October sowing with Coral-437 variety proved the most remunerative and economically feasible for cultivation of Indian mustard under the agro climatic conditions of eastern U.P

Atypical presentation of cystic schwannoma of the sphenoid sinus: a nonsolitary mass with osseous, intracranial and cavernous sinus invasion

Although nearly half of all schwannomas involve the head and neck region, nasal and paranasal sinus presentations are quite rarely seen. Cystic schwannoma, characterized by cyst formation lined by S-100 protein positive membrane-like structures is very uncommonly seen in sphenoid sinus with only a single previously reported case. Here we report a young patient of cystic schwannoma of the paranasal sinuses having epicenter in the sphenoid sinus. The tumor had caused extensive erosion of the skull base and paranasal sinuses and extended intracranially that radiologically mimicked as infected mucocele causing loss of vision. This case denotes the aggressive behavior of such uncommon tumors

Discrete interferences optimum beamformer in correlated signal and interfering noise

This paper introduces a significant special situation where the noise is a collection of D-plane interference signals and the correlated noise of D+1 is less than the number of array components. An optimal beamforming processor based on the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) generates and combines appropriate statistics for the D+1 model. Instead of the original space of the N-dimensional problem, the interference signal subspace is reduced to D+1. Typical antenna arrays in many modern communication networks absorb waves generated from multiple point sources. An analytical formula was derived to improve the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) obtained from the steering errors of the two beamformers. The proposed MVDR processor-based beamforming does not enforce general constraints. Therefore, it can also be used in systems where the steering vector is compromised by gain. Simulation results show that the output of the proposed beamformer based on the MVDR processor is usually close to the ideal state within a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-interference ratio. The MVDR processor-based beamformer has been experimentally evaluated. The proposed processor-based MVDR system significantly improves performance for large interference white noise ratio (INR) in the sidelobe region and provide an appropriate beam pattern

Multicentric tuberculosis at two rare sites in an immunocompetent adult

The case of a 20-year-old female who presented with refractory coccydynia and sternal pain is described. She was immunocompetent, and had no systemic features. She was diagnosed with tuberculosis of the sternal and coccygeal regions based on magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology of biopsy specimens. Conservative management with oral multidrug antituberculous therapy completely cured the patient, and she had not suffered any recurrence after three years of follow-up. This case highlights the possibility of the multicentric presentation of tuberculosis at two rare sites in the same immunocompetent patient, even though the differential diagnosis was coccydynia